The cheapest form of business ownership in terms of startup costs and ongoing operational expenses is typically a sole proprietorship.

Here’s why:

1. Minimal Legal Formalities: Sole proprietorships are the simplest business structure. In most places, you don’t need to register a sole proprietorship with the government, which means there are no registration fees or legal paperwork to file.
2. Low Initial Costs: You can start a sole proprietorship with very little upfront investment. You may need to spend money on basic business necessities like a computer, phone, or equipment specific to your industry, but there are no significant costs associated with establishing the legal structure.
3. No Ongoing Entity Maintenance: Unlike other business entities like corporations or LLCs, sole proprietorships do not require annual fees or ongoing administrative tasks such as annual reports or franchise taxes.
4. No Separate Tax Filing: In a sole proprietorship, business income and expenses are typically reported on your personal income tax return. This means you don’t need to file a separate business tax return, which can save you time and money on tax preparation.

However, while sole proprietorships are the cheapest form of business ownership in terms of startup and maintenance costs, they also come with some disadvantages, including:

1. Personal Liability: As a sole proprietor, you have unlimited personal liability for the business’s debts and legal obligations. Your assets may be at risk if the business faces financial difficulties or legal issues.
2. Limited Access to Capital: Sole proprietors may have more limited options when it comes to raising capital compared to other business structures like partnerships or corporations. It can be challenging to secure business loans or attract investors.
3. Limited Growth Potential: Sole proprietorships may face challenges in scaling and expanding due to the limitations on capital and resources.
4. Tax Considerations: While the tax simplicity of a sole proprietorship can be an advantage, it may also result in higher self-employment taxes compared to other business structures that offer tax advantages.

Weigh the advantages and disadvantages of a sole proprietorship carefully before choosing this business structure. Depending on your business goals, risk tolerance, and growth plans, you may find that a different structure, such as a partnership, LLC, or corporation, is a better fit despite the higher associated costs and administrative requirements. Consulting with a legal or financial advisor can help you make an informed decision based on your specific circumstances.