Whether an LLC (Limited Liability Company) is better than a sole proprietorship for taxes depends on various factors, including your business circumstances, income level, and tax objectives. Both structures offer advantages and disadvantages from a tax perspective.

See The Difference in Organizational Types

LLC (Limited Liability Company):

1. Pass-Through Taxation – By default, an LLC is treated as a pass-through entity for tax purposes, similar to a sole proprietorship. This means that business profits and losses flow through to the owners’ personal tax returns, and the business itself does not pay taxes at the entity level.
2. Limited Liability Protection – One of the primary benefits of an LLC is the limited liability protection it offers. This means that the personal assets of the LLC’s owners (called members) are generally protected from business liabilities and debts. However, this protection is separate from tax considerations.
3. Tax Flexibility – While an LLC is typically taxed as a pass-through entity, LLCs have the option to elect corporate taxation (C-corp or S-corp status), which can offer certain tax advantages in specific situations. For example, electing S-corp status can allow for potential tax savings by reducing self-employment taxes.
4. Additional Tax Deductions – LLCs may have access to certain tax deductions not available to sole proprietors, such as deductions for health insurance premiums, retirement contributions, and certain business expenses.
5. Complexity and Costs – Forming and maintaining an LLC typically involves more paperwork, formalities, and costs compared to operating as a sole proprietor. This includes filing articles of organization, paying state filing fees, and complying with ongoing reporting and record-keeping requirements.

Sole Proprietorship:

1. Simplicity – Operating as a sole proprietorship is generally simpler and involves fewer administrative requirements compared to forming an LLC. There are no formal filing requirements or annual fees associated with being a sole proprietor.
2. Pass-Through Taxation – Like an LLC, a sole proprietorship is a pass-through entity, meaning business profits and losses flow through to the owner’s personal tax return. The business itself does not pay taxes; instead, the owner reports business income and expenses on Schedule C of their personal tax return.
3. Self-Employment Taxes – Sole proprietors are subject to self-employment taxes, which cover Social Security and Medicare taxes for self-employed individuals. The self-employment tax rate is currently 15.3% (12.4% for Social Security and 2.9% for Medicare) on the first $142,800 of net income (as of 2021). This rate applies regardless of whether the income is retained in the business.

Whether an LLC is better than a sole proprietorship for taxes depends on your specific situation, including factors such as your income level, potential liability risks, and long-term business goals. It’s advisable to consult with a tax advisor or attorney who can provide personalized guidance based on your individual circumstances.